The most the photographice papers: view this website, you will get more........

http://www.silverprint.co.uk/info/yespap.html

现在才明白Eugene Atget的照片的魅力，艺术家都是怀才不遇的家伙，40岁才从事摄影，可惜拍的照片没有人懂得欣赏，30年间所卖出去的照片是越卖越少有要，但他的精品就在晚年才成形。

Printing Out Paper (POP)
The first published formula for a printing-out silver chloride paper using gelatin binder was published bv Capt. Sir William de W. Abney in 1882, and was the logical successor to albumen paper, requiring daylight exposure to produce a burnt sienna-tinted image. The emulsion was mixed containing an excess of silver nitrate, which acted as a reservoir of silver, reinforcing the printed-out image. As with albumen paper, its process normally involved washing to remove excess silver nitrate, followed by gold toning, or gold and platinum, to produce a stable purplish image. Liesegang of Dusseldorf were the first company to take it to market in 1886, with the name 'Aristotypie'. Another POP paper researched by Joseph Barker of London was offered for sale in 1885 but failed to make any impact, before being taken up by Emil Obernetier in Germany.Eventually, in 1891 the Britannia Works, soon to be Ilford Limited, manufactured Barker's paper, and coined the marketing abbreviation POP which has stuck ever since. Eastman Kodak quickly came in with 'Solio' paper in 1892, and were still marketing its successor, 'Studio Proof Paper' in the 1980's. Self-toning versions of POP, containing gold salts, were available by the early years of the 20th century, and became the most popular in use.Papers using collodion as a binder ran alongside POP papers as replacements for albumen during the 1880s, and were produced mainly in the form of collodio-chloride paper, of low sensitivity and used for printing out. Toning with gold, or double toning with gold and platinum was also normally practiced, and surviving prints are very stable. Never as popular in use as gelatin paper, they were largely superceded by the 1890s, although lingering on as a minority product from some manufacturers - Leto, one of the Ilford subsidiaries, was still marketing 'Seltona', a self-toning collodio-chloride paper until the early years of the second world war.
(POP still hangs on in there in 2004 - Kentmere are now the sole producers in the world (maybe the universe?), and although production has been dogged by technical problems in recent years, stock should be available this year. Recent emulsion failures led their R&D department to attempt to track down the gremlin and a new variable has entered the complex state of POP emulsion technology - barometric pressure! Time and temperature, fair enough, chemical purity, OK, but the way the wind's blowing??)

Thomas Annan 1829-1887

"By 1860 Annan had acquired a large–scale camera to take photographs which echoed his feel for light, and his sense of emotion and power in landscape. He made a reputation for himself as an expert in copying works of art, which in turn led to his first notable commission in 1862 from the Glasgow Art Union."

http://special.lib.gla.ac.uk/exhibns/month/Mar2006.html

由以上的网站提到“Thomas Annan as an expert in copying works of art.” 我今天刚好买到一本1867-8年由Art-union of Glasgow的一本Illustration of Mary Queen of Scots: oil paintings by Robert Herdman, 4 photography by Mr.Thomas Annan. photo size about 9X 12 1/4 inch. Very good condition and rich image. 这本插图的线装书不是对外发行的，所以数量不多。以当时the Glasgow art union 的 members看会少于100本。


THE OLD COUNTRY HOUSES OF THE OLD GLASGOW GENTRY. ONE HUNDRED PHOTOGRAPHS BY ANNAN, OF WELL KNOWN PLACES IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD OF GLASGOW, WITH DESCRIPTIVE NOTICES OF THE HOUSES AND THE FAMILIES.
http://www.margolisandmoss.com/cgi-bin/margolis/1716.html
Price: $7,500.00

“中国娃娃” -----王小亭-“Newsreel” WONG --左上图为原版1937年的新闻照片，imaxsky的藏品。 1989年被评为全球10大摄影经典照片的第7位。

这张题为《中国娃娃》(Chinese Baby)的照片是世界战争史中的一幅象征性图像。为当时供职于美国赫斯特报系(Hearst Metrotone News)的中国摄影记者王小亭(英文名H．S．Wong)所拍。事后，他的电影胶卷由美国海军从上海空运送至纽约。两个星期后，这幅被冠名为“Chinese Baby”的照片出现在赫斯特报业系统的新闻短片和报纸上，并迅速传遍世界各地。据1937年《生活》杂志的评价估计，大约有1．36亿人看到了这张“中国娃娃”。

在一本名为“CHINA ILLUSTRATED"的书里的第260页，提到30年代中国的摄影：
---“The most memorable image of the period was actually taken by a chinese news cameraman call Newsreel Wong. He even used this name on his passport. He worked as cameraman for Fox Movietone News, but always carried a still camera. He took the famous picture of a baby crying among the ruins of a railway station at shanghai. He loved to tell his fellow newsmen how he shot this photography.
There were always beggars at railway stations in China. "Newsreel" borrowed the little mite from his mother, rubbed some charcoal over his face and posed him among the ruins. Unfortunately, the baby gurgled and giggled happily and refused to cry. " So I slapped him!" said "Newsreel", "And got the piture."

新闻摄影本来因该是100%的纪实照片才对，但是摄影师摆拍的图像是可以改变看的人的情绪，来达到他们想要的反应或效果。当时宋庆玲挟这张照片在美国的影响对美国政府寻求援助，美国人民为这张照片都不知道捐了多少款。但是这张电影照片定格放大的照片在制作上有必要考究的地方。请看下文：

Manipulation of Documentary Photos in China。。。

http://www.jiyuu-shikan.org/e/exploding1.html

下图1为原版照片，imaxsky的藏品。


Myra Albert Wiggins (1869-1956), a photographer and painter who was the earliest internationally recognized Northwest artist. A member of the Photo-Secession, she won over 50 international awards before 1910.

Amateur Photographers
John M Whitehead
by Hon FRPS

The photograph by John M Whitehead appeared in Photographs of the Year from 1900 to 1920. He photographed romantic images, often of Scottish scenes. [Kirk V Toft]
He was one of three judges for the EPS International Exhibition held in February 1928, and featured in one of the poems to be found in EPS literature: Reflections on Mr Murch's Recent Lecture.
The poem is written to the tune of bagpipe music. The last verse reads:
If you can do just half the things I’ve mentioned,
Or even one or two supremely well,
You’ll be a downright regular Royal Fellow -
A Whitehead-Mortimer-Murch-McKissock-Dell.


DUNURE CASTLE, AYRSHIRE
"Ruins - Old In Story" - John M Whitehead

Frank Meadow Sutcliffe. ca1890's早期的照片以 F.M.S 签名，罕见。
imaxsky的藏品。

http://www.whitby-yorkshire.co.uk/sutcliffe/sutcliffe.htm

Edward Steichen (1879–1973): “Moonrise – Mamaroneck, New York” (1904); New York, Museum of Modern Art (MoMA); platinum, cyanotype, and ferroprussiate print, 15¼ × 19". Gift of the photographer.








Edward Steichen (1879– 1973): “The Pond – Moonlight” (1904); New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art; multiple gum bichromate over platinum, 15¼ × 19".
This print was auctioned in New York in February 2006 and sold for the highest price to date for an art photograph.


Edward Steichen 一张底片共冲洗了三张Moonrise,但是他的人物肖像照片才是最传神的。大家可以看看由MOMA1978年出版的摄影集。他的 gum platinum print 并没有达到最高的冲洗技巧，
EPS的一位摄影大师的作品在当时是很多人敬佩的。

Steichen. The Master Prints 1895-1914.Photographs by Edward Steichen. Text by Dennis Longwell. The Museum of Modern Art, New York, 1978. 180 pp., numerous numerous black-and-white illustrations, 9½x11¼".